Litiyumu karubone ni ibikoresho by'ibanze bya chimique bidafite ingufu, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti, nka ceramika, ikirahure, bateri ya lithium n'ibindi.Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya, ingufu za karubone ya lithium nayo iriyongera.Uru rupapuro ruzerekana igitekerezo cyibanze, imitungo, uburyo bwo gutegura, imirima ikoreshwa, ibyifuzo byisoko nibibazo bifitanye isano na karubone ya lithium.

1. Ibitekerezo shingiro nibintu bya lithium karubone

Litiyumu karubone ni ifu yera ifite formula Li2CO3 nuburemere bwa molekile ya 73.89.Ifite ibiranga gushonga cyane, gushonga guke no kwezwa byoroshye.Biroroshye kwinjiza amazi no guhumanya ikirere, bityo bigomba gufungwa no kubikwa.Litiyumu karubone nayo ni uburozi kandi igomba kuba ifite umutekano iyo ikoreshejwe.

2. Uburyo bwo gutegura karubone ya lithium

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwingenzi mugutegura karubone ya lithium: karubone yibanze no kugabanya carbothermal.Uburyo bwibanze bwa karubone ni ukuvanga spodumene na karubone ya sodium ukurikije igipimo runaka, ubarwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi kugirango ubyare karubone ya lucite na sodium, hanyuma ushonga leucite namazi kugirango ubone igisubizo cya lithium hydroxide, hanyuma wongeremo karubone ya calcium kugirango ubuze, kugirango ubone lithium ibicuruzwa bya karubone.Uburyo bwo kugabanya Carbothermal nuburyo bwo kuvanga spodumene na karubone ukurikije igipimo runaka, kugabanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kubyara lithium fer na monoxyde de carbone, hanyuma ugashonga fer ya lithium namazi, ukabona hydroxide ya lithium, hanyuma ukongeramo calcium ya karubone, ukabona karubone ya lithium ibicuruzwa.

3. Imirima ikoreshwa ya karubone ya lithium

Litiyumu karubone ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora ibindi bicuruzwa bivura imiti, nk'ubutaka, ibirahuri, bateri ya lithium, n'ibindi. Mu nganda z’ubutaka, karubone ya lithium irashobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ububumbyi bwihariye bufite imbaraga nyinshi hamwe na coefficient yo kwaguka;Mu nganda z’ibirahure, karubone ya lithium irashobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ikirahuri kidasanzwe gifite coefficient nkeya yo kwaguka no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi;Mu nganda za batiri ya lithium, karubone ya lithium irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byiza bya electrode, nka LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, nibindi.

4. Amahirwe yisoko ya karubone ya lithium

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda nshya, ingufu za karubone ya lithium nayo iriyongera.Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryimodoka zamashanyarazi, gride yubwenge nizindi nzego, icyifuzo cya karubone ya lithium kizarushaho kwiyongera.Muri icyo gihe, hamwe no kunoza ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije, igiciro cy’umusaruro wa karubone ya lithium kizagenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro, bityo rero birakenewe ko hashyirwaho uburyo bunoze kandi bwangiza ibidukikije, kugabanya ibiciro by’umusaruro, no kuzamura isoko ku isoko.

5. Litiyumu karubone ibibazo bijyanye

Litiyumu karubone nayo ifite ibibazo mubikorwa byo kuyikoresha no kuyikoresha.Mbere ya byose, uburyo bwo gukora karubone ya lithium izatanga imyanda myinshi n’amazi mabi, bigira ingaruka runaka kubidukikije.Icya kabiri, karubone ya lithium nayo ifite ingaruka zimwe mumutekano mugikorwa cyo kuyikoresha, nkamazi yaka kandi aturika.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kwitondera ibibazo byumutekano mugihe cyo gukoresha.

6. Umwanzuro

Litiyumu karubone ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya chimique ngengabuzima, byakoreshejwe henshi mu mirima myinshi.Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya, ingufu za karubone ya lithium izarushaho kwiyongera.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gushimangira ubushakashatsi niterambere rya karubone ya lithium, kunoza imikorere yumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro no guhumanya ibidukikije, no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye rya karubone ya lithium.