Ifu ya ceramic ya silicon (SiC)ifite ibyiza byubushyuhe bwo hejuru, irwanya okiside nziza, irwanya kwambara cyane hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, coefficente ntoya yo kwagura ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwumuriro, imiti ihagaze neza, nibindi. Kubwibyo rero, ikoreshwa kenshi mugukora ibyumba byaka, ubushyuhe bwinshi ibikoresho, ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, ibice bya moteri yindege, imiyoboro yimiti, imiyoboro ihindura ubushyuhe nibindi bikoresho bya mashini mubihe bibi, kandi nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubuhanga.Ntabwo igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byubuhanga buhanitse biri gutezwa imbere (nka moteri yubutaka, icyogajuru, nibindi), ariko kandi ifite isoko ryagutse hamwe nibisabwa bigomba gutezwa imbere mumbaraga zubu, metallurgie, imashini, ibikoresho byubaka , inganda zikora imiti nizindi nzego.

Uburyo bwo gutegura bwaifu ya silicon karbideirashobora kugabanywa cyane mubyiciro bitatu: uburyo bukomeye bwicyiciro, uburyo bwamazi yuburyo bwa gaz na gaz ya gaz.

1. Uburyo bukomeye

Uburyo bukomeye bwicyiciro burimo uburyo bwo kugabanya karbothermal nuburyo bwa silicon carbone uburyo bwo kwitwara neza.Uburyo bwo kugabanya Carbothermal nuburyo bukubiyemo uburyo bwa Acheson, uburyo bwo gutanura buhagaritse nuburyo bwo guhindura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Ifu ya karubide ya siliconimyiteguro yabanje gutegurwa nuburyo bwa Acheson, ukoresheje kokiya kugirango ugabanye dioxyde ya silicon mubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 2400 ℃), ariko ifu yabonetse murubu buryo ifite ingano nini (> 1mm), ikoresha ingufu nyinshi, kandi inzira irahari bigoye.Mu myaka ya za 1980, hagaragaye ibikoresho bishya byo gushushanya powder-SiC ifu, nk'itanura rihagaze hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Nkuko polymerisiyasi nziza kandi idasanzwe hagati ya microwave nibintu bya chimique mubikomeye byagiye bisobanurwa buhoro buhoro, tekinoroji yo guhuza ifu ya sic ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwa microwave imaze gukura.Uburyo bwa silikoni ya karubone yuburyo bukubiyemo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (SHS) hamwe nuburyo bwo gukanika imashini.SHS igabanya synthesis uburyo ikoresha exothermic reaction hagati ya SiO2 na Mg kugirango isubize kubura ubushyuhe.Uwitekaifu ya silicon karbidebyabonetse kuri ubu buryo bifite isuku nini nubunini buto, ariko Mg mubicuruzwa bigomba gukurwaho nuburyo bukurikira nko gutoragura.

Uburyo 2 bwamazi

Uburyo bwicyiciro cyamazi kirimo uburyo bwa sol-gel hamwe nuburyo bwa polymer yumuriro.Uburyo bwa Sol-gel nuburyo bwo gutegura gel irimo Si na C muburyo bukwiye bwa sol-gel, hanyuma pyrolysis hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa carbothermal kugirango ubone karbide ya silicon.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwangirika bwa polymer organic ni tekinoroji ifatika yo gutegura karibide ya silicon: imwe ni ugushyushya gel polysiloxane, reaction yo kubora kugirango irekure monomers nto, hanyuma amaherezo ikore SiO2 na C, hanyuma ikoresheje reaction yo kugabanya karubone kugirango itange ifu ya SiC;Ibindi ni ugushyushya polysilane cyangwa polyikarbosilane kugirango urekure monomers ntoya kugirango ikore skeleton, hanyuma amaherezo ikoreifu ya silicon karbide.

Uburyo bwa gaz gaz

Kugeza ubu, icyiciro cya gazi synthesis yasilicon karbideifu ya ceramic ultrafine ikoresha cyane cyane ibyuka bya gaz (CVD), Plasma Induced CVD, Laser Induced CVD nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga kugirango ibore ibintu kama mubushyuhe bwinshi.Ifu yabonetse ifite ibyiza byo kwera kwinshi, ingano ntoya, kugabanya uduce duto no kugenzura byoroshye ibice.Nuburyo buteye imbere muri iki gihe, ariko hamwe nigiciro kinini numusaruro muke, ntabwo byoroshye kugera kumusaruro mwinshi, kandi birakwiriye gukora ibikoresho bya laboratoire nibicuruzwa byihariye bisabwa.

Kuri ubu ,.ifu ya silicon karbideikoreshwa cyane cyane ifu ya subicron cyangwa nano urwego rwa nano, kubera ko ingano yifu yifu ari ntoya, ibikorwa byo hejuru cyane, ikibazo rero nyamukuru nuko ifu yoroshye kubyara agglomeration, birakenewe guhindura ubuso bwifu kugirango ikumire cyangwa ibuze aglomeration ya kabiri ya powder.Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ifu ya SiC ahanini burimo ibyiciro bikurikira: guhindura ingufu nyinshi hejuru yubutaka, gukaraba, gutatanya imiti yifu, guhindura ibinyabuzima bidahinduka, guhindura ibinyabuzima.